antique! 1781 Austria Habsburg 1/2 Kreutzer coin jewelry Joseph II Holy Roman Emperor Vienna Salzburg Wien Graz Innsbruck Villach Sankt Pölten Wels Sölden Ischgl Gmunden Vorarlberg Hungarian n001641
Austria 1/2 Kreutzer {1780-1790}
Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor
FEATURING
front: Bust right of Joseph II, as sole ruler
Lettering: IOS·II·D·G·R·I·S·A·GE·HV·BO·REX·A·A·
• quantity 1
• demonetized {no longer in circulation} polished Copper coin
• diameter: 22.5 mm
• weight: 5.4 g
CHOOSE FROM DROP DOWN MENU {2.4 mm thick cords}`
• 22" black cotton necklace with lobster clasp
• 24” brass ball chain {lightweight 5 g}
• 2-1/2" brass snake keychain with snap end {see last photo}
message me if you need a shorter length black necklace
• 22" black cotton necklace with lobster clasp
• 24” brass ball chain {lightweight 5 g}
• 2-1/2" brass snake keychain with snap end {see last photo}
message me if you need a shorter length black necklace
Joseph II (German: Josef Benedikt Anton Michel Adam; English: Joseph Benedict Anthony Michael Adam; 13 March 1741 – 20 February 1790) was Holy Roman Emperor from August 1765 and sole ruler of the Habsburg lands from November 1780 until his death. He was the eldest son of Empress Maria Theresa and her husband, Emperor Francis I, and the brother of Marie Antoinette. He was thus the first ruler in the Austrian dominions of the House of Lorraine, styled Habsburg-Lorraine. Joseph was a proponent of enlightened absolutism; however, his commitment to modernizing reforms subsequently engendered significant opposition, which resulted in failure to fully implement his programs. Meanwhile, despite making some territorial gains, his reckless foreign policy badly isolated Austria. He has been ranked, with Catherine the Great of Russia and Frederick the Great of Prussia, as one of the three great Enlightenment monarchs.[1] His reputation as an enlightened monarch was somewhat legendary, leading to false, but influential letters depicting him as a radical philosopher. His policies are now known as Josephinism. He was a supporter of the arts, and most importantly of composers such as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Antonio Salieri. He died with no sons and was succeeded by his younger brother, Leopold II.
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